Yuhi IV Gahindiro
Contents
Uko yimye ingoma
Nyina wa Yuhi IV Gahindiro yitwaga, Nyiratunga ni we wari Umugabekazi we, bityo afata ubutegetsi kuko umuhungu we yari uruhinja. Amateka atubwira ko yeguriye umuhungu we ubutegetsi hashize nk’imyaka makumyabiri. Nyiratunga yafatanije ubutegetsi na musaza we witwaga Rugagi wari sekuruza w'umunyemari Kajeguhakwa Valens. Nyiratunga akimara kwima, nyirabukwe witwaga Nyiratamba nyina wa Mibambwe Sentabyo, yamugabiye inka zitwa Ibiheko nk’ikimenyetso cy’ uko amwishimiye, ubundi aranywa aratanga kuko Atari gukomeza kubaho ku ngoma nshya nk’uko ubwiru bwabitegekaga.
Gahindiro yarezwe n’umwiru wabaye icyamamare ku ngoma ya se Sentabyo, witwaga Rusuka, akaba ari na we wahimbye amayeri yo kumurokora ubwo intumwa za Gatarabuhura wari mwene se wa Sentabyo zari zije kumwica ngo ahereko yime mu Rwanda, ubwo Sentabyo yari amaze gutanga. Sentabyo uyu yapfuye akenyutse, kuko amateka avuga ko yari atarageza ku myaka 30, akaba yarazize ubushita bwaje mu myenda Kimenyi IV Getura wo mu Gisaka yamwohererejeho intashyo, ariko ku bw’amahirwe yari yarabyaranye Gahindiro n’umupfakazi wa Gihana (umuhungu wa Cyilima Rujugira) witwaga Nyiratunga, akaba yari umugore wa se wabo wa Sentabyo. Ubwiru buvuga ko “Imana uwo yimitse yishibuka Umwami akaragwa ingoma. Iraragwa ntiyibwa, iyo atabyaye ntiyishibuke igashyikirizwa umuvandimwe akaba umurinzi, kuko Umwami yibyaraho umwe.” Ni bwo Mibambwe atanze Abiru banze ubucike bw’Ingoma ngo igwe mu rwego rw’Abarinzi, bimika Gahindiro ari uruhinja.
Imigendekere y'ingoma ye
Gahindiro ni umwe mu bami bane b’Abanyiginya babaye ibirangirire, ari bo: Ruganzu Ndoli; Cyilima Rujugira; Yuhi Gahindiro na Kigeli Rwabugili. Uyu Gahindiro ni we waciye umugani uzwi na benshi ugira uti: “Ak’i Muhana kaza imvura ihise.” Mu bisigo iyo bageze kuri Gahindiro bagira bati: “Gahindiro wa Nyiratunga umupfakazi wa Gihana Rurema yaramuhanze imuhereza ingabe ayikesha Se Mibambwe Sentabyo mu bisekuru akaba Mutangatiro.”
Mu kumwita Rutangatiro (itiro ni ibitotsi), byaturutse mu Gisaka kuko ku ngoma ye yabaniye neza Igisaka agifasha mu bibazo cyari gifite by’abarwaniraga ingoma, ntiyagitera nka ba sekuru be bituma Igisaka kimuha iryo zina rya Mutangatiro kuko yaretse bagasinzira. Mbese yabahaye amahoro. Ubundi kandi bavuga ko ku ngoma ye ariho u Rwanda rwagize amahoro asesuye kuruta ku zindi ngoma zose. Rubanda igaragaza amahoro y’ingoma ye mu bisakuzo byerekana ko abantu bari bamerewe neza nta cyo bikanga kandi bidagadura mu bisakuzo bagira bati:
- Negetse umuzinga ku ngoma ya Gahindiro na n’ubu nturinjirwa
- Nashinze urukiramende ku ngoma ya Gahindiro n’ubu sindarugendera ngo ndusimbuke
Amahoro asesuye n'iterambere
Bavuga ko Gahindiro ari we Mwami wavuze ati: “Nshaka ko Umunyarwanda wese utarabyaye agira abana, n’udafite inka agatunga.” Abatware baramubaza bati ibyo byashoboka bite, na we ati birashoboka!. Ati: “Ntegetse umuntu wese uhereye ku batware, ko aha inka uwo baturanye utazifite, kandi agaha abana uwo baturanye utarabyaye.” Byabaye uko abantu bose babona abana n’inka. Ni nayo mpamvu bajya bavuga ko Abahindiro bari benshi kuko uwahabwaga abana atarabyaye yabitiriraga Gahindiro, bityo bakitwa Abahindiro. Bavuga kandi ko Gahindiro yabaye Umwami w’ Umusosiyalisiti (socialiste), naho Umwizukuru we Rwabugili yari Umukapitalisiti (capitaliste) cyane kuko yagurishaga imyenda ivuye mu bazungu, uwa metero eshanu akawakaho inyana kandi akavuga ko nta wundi ufite uburenganzira bwo kuyicuruza. Twibutse ko ku ngoma ya Gahindiro kandi ari ho hadutse inganzo y’Amazina y’Inka. Ni na we washyizeho gahunda yo gusenga iminsi ibiri mu cyumweru, ibiri yo guca imanza n’umwe w’urugo n’ingabo, dore ko icyumweru cya gihanga cy’imirimo cyagiraga iminsi itanu.
Umutekano
Ku bijyanye n’umutekano, Gahindiro yashyizeho ingabo nyinshi cyane, ariko byatangiye cyane cyane ku ngoma ya Cyilima II, ubwo bashyiragaho ingerero bitewe n’uko icyo gihe u Burundi bwashoye intambara ikomeye ku Rwanda bushaka kwimika Bicura bya Rwaka wari warahungiyeyo arwanira ingoma na Rujugira. Byatumye Gahindiro ahindura umuco w’uko imitwe y’ingabo zo ku ngoma zashize itazajya isaza nk’uko byagendaga ku zindi ngoma, ahubwo ikagumaho ishinzwe inkiko cyangwa ingerero. Iyo abagize iyi mitwe y’ingabo basazaga, basimburwaga n’abana babo. Buri rugerero rwabaga ari urugo runini rugizwe n’umurwanyi n’ abagaragu be cyangwa abarwanyi bagenzi be. Rwagiraga imitwe nibura ibiri, umwe ugizwe n’ abarwanyi 120. iyo umwanzi yabateraga, bavuzaga umurishyo witwa impuruza abaturaga bagahurura kurwanya umwanzi ari benshi. Byatumaga nta washoboraga kuvogera u Rwanda mu gihe inkiko yabaga irinzwe muri ubwo buryo.
Bitewe n’uko Umwami mushya wese yagombaga kugira umutwe w’umurangangoma ugizwe n’intore babyirukanye, Gahindiro yabanje kugira abitwa Abadahigwa, ariko aza kubona ko ari ibigwari abavaho abihera umutware maze atora izindi azita Abashakamba azishinga urugerero rwa Nyaruteja.
Kuza k’Umwami mushya kwahuriranaga n’inzara, bitewe n’uko hagati y’itanga ry’Umwami n’iyimikwa ry’undi, abantu bari mu kigandaro bamaraga amezi ane badahingisha amasuka, ahubwo bahingisha inkonzo. Mu rwimo rwa Gahindiro rero, ntabwo habaye amapfa cyangwa inzara bisanzwe, ahubwo cyari nk’ icyorezo. Urwimo rwe rwakurikiwe n’ amapfa yaherutswe n’ inzara ya Rukungugu yamaze igihe kirekire. Muri icyo gihe, gahindiro yari ageze mu gihe cyo gukambakamba. Bitewe n’ uko yari yararwaniye ingoma, ntabwo rubanda rwajyaga kubura amakenga ko Umwami ari uwo batsinze. Imvura yaje kugwa nyuma y’ uko ibwami bazengurutse Nduga yose bakora imihango batekerezaga ko yabafasha gutuma imvura igwa. Kubera iyo mvura, umusizi Musare atura Umwami igisigo cyo gukura ubwatsi kuko abahaye imvura. Ni ko kugira ati:
Nta wundi wadukuriye imvura kure
Atari uwarazwe ingoma n’ inganji
Urya munsi weretse Rubanda ingoma warazwe
Mwami ubuze ubwanze, gica urayamuye mu Rwanda
Icyokere kibi kitwokeje umubiri ukagihoza
Muhoza wa twese ishimwe nzariguhaya.
Gaca-bworo imvura wayirariye rubunda,
Kirabya bayicira imoko ku ijuru;
Bawuziba amabere umuvumbi
Kivomo cya Gahenda ukawuzibura
Uyigirira ubwira n’ umwete uwufitiye,
Mutwe utwambariye ishyira,
Iyo inkuba yataye urayihabuye
Bwenge urusha abandi.
Imvura wayikurikiye ubutayisiga
Uti nimuhumure Rubanda,
Mbahaye uw’ ejo ndacyura imvura
Cyilima akadukanda uwo muruho.
Weho, mu kuguha yagukuriye inyuma,
Rugira w’ i Ruganda rwa Ruganu ntiyagusangiza
Mu kugukiza ingoma igukiza ibigereke
Tugira umwami wenyine,
Irakwita izina Bwami ntiryakuba.
Bivugwa ko Gahindiro akiri uruhinja bangaga kumwerekana ngo abahinyura n’abarwanira ingoma bitabaha inkunga bakavuga bati: “Mubona koko dukwiye gutegekwa n’ uru ruhinja?”.
Inkomoko y’umugani Ak'i Muhana kaza imvura ihise
Nk’uko twabivuze haruguru, Gahindiro azwi ku mvugo izwi cyane igira iti: “Ak’ i Muhana kaza imvura ihise.” Uyu ni umugani baca bagira ngo bahebye umuntu ko adakwiriye kwiringira gutabarwa n’ibiturutse ahandi. Ubwo baba bagira ngo bamushishikarize gukora, kuko n’imfashanyo iyo ije iza impitagihe itakikuramiye.
Gahindiro ubwo yari mu rugo rwe rw’i Sheli na Butera ho muri Runda na Gihara (ubu ni mu Karere ka Kamonyi, Intara y’ Amajyepfo), ngo yari afite akamenyero ko kuzenguruka urugo rwe mbere yo kuryama n’ubwo yari afite abararirizi. Bukeye agiye kuzenguruka uko bisanzwe, imvura iragwa iramuziga ariko ikimara guhita aza kurugendagenda aza guhura n’ abana babaga iwe bavuye kwiba ibishyimbo n’ ibihaza byo kugerekaho. Akibakubita amaso arabamenya, ni ko kubabaza ati: “Murava he mukajya he basha?” na bo banga kumuhisha, bati tuvuye kwiba. Arababaza ati: “Mwibira iki mu rugo rwanjye hari ikibuzemo?” no bo bati: “Ubu se watwereka nibura umurima wawe ungana urwara uhinzemo ibi tuvuye kwiba?” Arabareka baragenda. Abana bageze imuhira babura inkwi zo gutekesha ibyibano byabo kuko imvura yaje kurimbanya, babirarana ubusa. Bukeye mu gitondo Gahindiro ahamagaza Abanyagihara n’ abandi bahaturiye, abategeka guhinga umurima w’ ikiyagamure uri mu gikombe kiri hagati ya Sheli na Nyagasozi awita Rwangabibi (ni ko hitwa na magingo aya), abategeka guhingamo ibishyimbo n’ ibihaza hanyuma ategeka ba bana kujya babyitonorera ngo bashire irari ryabo. Umunsi umwe Gahindiro aza kwinyuza aho ba bana bariraga bya bishyimbo, ni ko kubabaza ati: “Bya bishyimbo mwibye mwaje kubiteka?” Bati: “Oya, twabuze inkwi tubirarana ubusa.” Na we arabaseka cyane. Ati: “none se ko ubungubu imvura irmo kugwa, hari ubwo mwigeze murara ubusa?” Bati oya. Ati: “Nimujye mwihingira ibyanyu musorome imvura itaragwa, ntimuzaburara.”
Akimuhana kandi ni izina ry’umurima Gahindiro yahingishije i Mulinja ho mu Mayaga, nyuma yo gutruma kuri nyirasenge Nyaminoga ya Gihana cya Rujugira ngo amuhe amasaka n’ uburo byo kumaza urubanza mu gihe cy’ imvura, nyirasenge abimwima agira ati: “Dore ni igihe cy’ imvura, mfite ibyondo ku birenge kandi nta Bantu mfite bo kungira mu kigega, nihituka uzaze nkuhe amasaka n’ uburo wimarire urubanza. Gahindiro arabyumvira, yibuka na bya bishyimbo abana be bararanye ubusa kubera imvura, nyamara n’ ubwo nyirarume yamwimye imyaka yashakaga na we gukuraho imbuto ngo ahinge imvura itarahita, biba byanze bityo. Ni ko gutekereza ati ak’ i Muhana kagomba kuba kaza ari uko imvura ihise. Ni ko kwihingishiriza ikirima cya kabombo aho i Mulinja acyita Akimuhana, agenurira ku magambo ya nyirasenge wamurindirije ngo imvura ihite abone kurangiza urubanza. Ni uko uwo murima awuteramo imbuto zose ashaka, azihawe na Mirenge mwene Kigogo ku Ntenyo tujya twumva wasize umugani kuko yari atunze cyane. Yari yaraturutse i Murera, atura ku Ntenyo ahahawe na Nyiramibambwe Nyiratamba, nyirakuru wa Gahindiro.
Gahindiro na Rugaju rwa Mutimbo
Rugaju yari mwene Mutimbo wa Sentakura ya Kagubwa. Sekuru yakomokaga mu Ndorwa akaba ngo yari umutware ukomeye mu gihugu cye, mu muryango w’ Abashayigi. Bishoboka ko ngo yaje ku ngoma ya Kigeli II Nyamuheshera ahunze intambara yacaga ibintu aho mu Ndorwa.ku ngoma ya Mibambwe II Gisanura, sekuru agabana inka zitwa Umuhozi. Yari umutoni wa Gahindiro w’ akadasohoka akaba n’ umuvuguruza we dore ko buri mwami yagiraga umuvuguruza, ngo bari baranareranywe ndetse baza no gupfa bakurikirana, hamwe n’ uwitwa Bitorwa bazize urupfu rwiswe Agatandabazimu.
Igihe kimwe, i Bwami batumiza Ingeyo ngo zimurikwe mu gihe cyo gukura Gicurasi, ni uko zimurikanwa n’ abashumba bazo, Mutimbo akababamo. Ubwo Mutimbo yahagurukaga mu rugo, Rugaju yaramukurikiye aramwangira kuko nyina akimutwite bari baramuraguryew ko umwana uzavukamo azicwa ngo ejo atazabatera igisare. Amaze gukura, nyina yaramwimanye ariko akomeje gushega aramureka. Gusa baje kumwandarika ngo abe intamenyekana hatazagira umutware umuhaka cyangwa undi wamusohoza i Bwami.
Ingeyo zijya i Bwami Rugaju akomeza kuzoma mu nyuma, zikarenga Rugaju ahinguka nyamara Mutimbo azi ko yasubiye imuhira. Bageze i Bwami batangiye kuzimurika baziremesha ingamba, Rugaju aba arahageze azirohamo rwagati. Icyo ni cya gihe Gahindiro yari akiri muto, inka zimurikirwa Nyiratunga. Mutimbo amukubise amaso araca. Uko bazimurikaga, Gahindiro ntiyigeze abyitegereza ahubwo yireberaga uwo mwana uzirimo hagati.
Hashize akanya, Gahindiro arahaguruka asanga Rugaju mu nka barikinira, abatware babibonye, baraseka baratemba bati: “Nimurebe namwe Umwami umurikirwa! (Ubwo bashakaga kumvikanisha ko akiri umwana)” Zimaze kumurikwa zirikubura zirataha Rugaju azitahamo, Gahindiro asigara ahagaze mu rubuga. Abakuru bamwe baravugaga bati uriya mwana ari mu biki, abandi bati data se ngo yakabaye Umwami nta bwana afite? Mbese bamukina ku mubyimba uko bashoboye. Bakibivuga, Gahindiro araturika ararira. Ngo bamubaze ikimuriza, ati ndashaka wa mwana twari kumwe hano. Kuko rero ngo icyo Umwami ashatse amata aguranwa itabi, bohereza umuntu ajya kumuzana ariko atazi izina rye. Bamugejeje aho, Gahindiro arahora aricara baraganira. Bigeze mu matarama, abaheza baheza abatware n’ abahungu hasigara Abiru, ariko Rugaju bagiye kumujyana Gahindiro yongera kurira baramureka. Rugaju aba abaye umwiru atyo adahawe igihango, akurana na Gahindiro kugeza ubwo agabaniye akatsi k’ epfo n’ aka ruguru y’ inzira. Ni ukuvuga ko ari we wari uwa kabiri kuri Gahindiro kuko ari we wari n’ umuvuguruza we.
Itanga rya Gahindiro
Nk’ uko twabibonye haruguru, Umwami gahindiro yazize Agatandabazimu. Dore uko byagenze: Umukecuru witwaga Mitunga nyirakuru wa Gahindiro yari yaramuzaniye umuhungu we Bitorwa aramubwira ati: “Nguyu umwana wanjye umuhake, ntuzamwice cyangwa ngo umunyage kuko byazakugwa nabi ndetse bikakuviramo gupfa.” Uwo Bitorwa yari Mparaye wapfanye na Rurinda ku ngoma ya Cyilima II Rujugira, agororerwa nka Rusuka. Ni ukuvuga ko nta wagombaga gupfa cyangwa kunyagwa mu muryango we.
Bitorwa yaje kwangana na Rugaju birakomera, gahindiro wari inshuti ya bombi yibaza uko azabigenza biramushobera. Umunsi umwe arabatumira ni ko kubabwira ati: “Muzi ko nta bandi nkunda nkamwe, none numvise ko mwangana. Sinshaka ko mumbwira icyo mupfa, ahubwo ndashaka ko mureka izo nzangano zanyu. None rero Rugaju, dore inka nkuhayeho kubw’ icyaha Bitorwa yagukoreye. Rugaju ni ko kurahira ati sinzongera kwanga Bitorwa.” Afata indi nka abwira Bitorwa ati: “Dore inka nkuhayeho kubw’ icyaha Rugaju yagukoreye. Na we ati: “Nyagasani iyo nka yijyanire, nanga Rugaju kandi nzakomeza mwange ku buryo ubu nanga inka cyangwa imbwa y’ urutamu kuko bimunyibutsa.” Umwami ni ko kwinuba, atanga Bitorwa arapfa.
Bitorwa akimara gupfa, Rugaju yatangiye kujya afatwa n’ ikintu kikamwesura hasi akamera nk’ upfuye. Bakibibwira Gahindiro, ajya kumusura mu rugo rwe rwari i Mulinja, amutekerereza uko yafashwe arumirwa. Gahindiro atashye, Rugaju aramuherekeza. Ubwo hari ibisiga byari ku nyama bari baterekereje ibyo by’ uburwayi bwa Rugaju. Umwami amusaba kumuzanira umuheto ngo abirase, arafora ararekera ababihamya. Guhera ubwo na we atangira gufatwa n’ ikintu kimeze nk’ umusonga, ageze imuhira aratanga. Abantu bati ni Rugaju umuroze, ni ko kumutanga na we arapfa, bose uko ari batatu bapfa inkurikirane. Urwo rupfu bapfuye ni rwo rwiswe Agatandabazimu, kuko bakekaga ko bishwe n’ umuzimu wa Mitunga, rugaca muri Bitorwa, rukambuka muri Gahindiro rukikuza Gahindiro. Gupfa urw’ Agatandabazimu rero babivuga iyo abantu bapfuye inkurikirane kandi bazize ikintu kimwe.
Hifashishijwe
*Ibyo ku ngoma z'abami b'u Rwanda ufatiye ku muzi w'Abasuka, Nyirishema Célestin, 2008
